This thesis examines the re-entry processes of individuals with mental health needs upon their release from prison. In order to uncover the resources that are provided to formerly incarcerated individuals with clinically diagnosed mental health issues, parole officers who have experience supervising individuals with mental health needs were interviewed. The purpose of the interviews was to understand the experiences parole officers have regarding current supervision practices that are used, as well as programming and treatment opportunities parole officers know are available to this population of re-entrants. Being aware of the resources that are provided to formerly incarcerated individuals with mental health needs will help identify how to improve supervision, programming, and treatment so as to better support this population. As research and literature on the re-entry experiences of individuals with mental health care needs have demonstrated the extensive privations this population experiences, interviewing parole officers will reveal the roles parole officers, treatment providers, and programming have in supporting this population upon their release from prison. Moreover, interviewing parole officers will help identify how to improve parole outcomes for re-entrants with clinically diagnosed mental health issues.

There are many historical inequities regarding housing in the United States, such as the lack of access to affordable and secure housing for people of color, which is a result of centuries of exclusion. These problems remain ineffectively addressed or unaddressed by policy. Indeed, many community-based organizations report that housing policies fail to address the needs of the people—especially those in marginalized communities. Top-down approaches are efficient and more broadly applicable but miss important community-specific problems. Meanwhile, bottom-up approaches excel in highlighting community perspectives and the lived experiences of residents, but they are challenging to generalize across jurisdictions. This thesis captures community-based understandings of policy through in-depth interviews with community-based organizations (CBOs) and applies these understandings to develop a new quantitative framework for evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of housing policies that can be applied across the United States. The thesis also explores various housing policies through a multi-dimensional, intersectional, and forward-thinking analysis that centers marginalized communities.

The aging apartment blocks (nicknamed “khrushchyovka”, or plural “khrushchyovki” for Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev) of the former USSR are facing demolition, despite the fact that many low income families still depend on these units for housing. This paper researches the development of the khrushchyovka and its estate leading up to the post-Soviet period and examines case studies to assess how these buildings can be modernized to spare them from demolition and to continue to serve as a reliable low-cost housing option. Studying how other projects have addressed similar problems in their architecture, these findings will be synthesized to present a full but minimally invasive khrushchyovka retrofit prototype, with improvements that will culminate in a more energy efficient, sustainable, and comfortable living environment for residents. This prototype provides a standardized template of services and improvements to be made, and can be adjusted to include specific features that meet the needs of a certain climate or location. In the early 1960s during the Khrushchev administration, these housing blocks made from prefabricated insulated concrete panels were constructed all over the USSR to alleviate housing shortages. A lot of them have an in practice service life of 150 years, meaning that many are incredibly durable with millions of people still living in them today. With their small size (ranging from 323 to 646 ft² depending on the number of bedrooms), they continue to be a suitable housing choice for low income small families and young people (Aliashkevich 31). Amid the threat of demolition to make way for cheaply made luxury-priced condos, many residents in the former USSR contend that their beloved khrushchyovki should be preserved (Watson), as they still have the capacity to be renovated in the interest of energy efficiency, cost savings, and community comfort.

Homeownership is an essential part of the American Dream and one of the most important tools for anyone in the 21st century to build wealth. Unfortunately, the COVID-19 pandemic has introduced a level of uncertainty to a market that has been largely stable since the last recession. This has proven to be a major roadblock affecting multiple generations of Americans in their quests to develop wealth. A particularly interesting case study through this crisis has been the housing market of Phoenix Arizona. When the challenges presented by the pandemic began to unfold, thousands of home listings and sales were canceled all the while newly unemployed Arizonians began to worry about meeting their mortgage payments. However, this disruption didn’t last long, several months after the beginning of the pandemic housing prices quickly began to swell. Many listings continue to be sold for tens of thousands of dollars above the asking price which has led investors to ask: how have Phoenix homes been able to seemingly ignore the economic downturn?
Today we are living in the hottest housing market since early 2007, and many expert opinions on the state of the market conflict with one another. Some expect housing prices to crash, others believe this growth is sustainable. A complex web of interconnected financial and human systems has led us to the position we are in today and several important questions have been left unanswered. What forces have driven the market to such dramatic heights? Who have been the winners and losers in the Arizona housing market during the pandemic? And what can be expected to happen in the near future as the “new normal” served to us by COVID-19 unfolds? The purpose of this thesis is to explore these questions and identify the underlying factors that have created the current market conditions. It will begin with an analysis of relevant supply and demand factors, then move to identify groups of winners and losers, to finally develop a prescriptive outlook for challenges facing Phoenix’s housing market.

Through Zero Waste at ASU, the Villas & Vista del Sol Community Compost Program (VVDS CCP) has been in operation for three years. Programs such as this one have been identified as a priority by the university due to the significance of food waste in the waste stream ASU produces and the opportunity to reduce climate impact by diverting this waste from landfill. However, the CCP has struggled to reach its participation targets throughout its time in operation and therefore ASU requires better understanding of marketing strategies that will lead to program success before investing in additional residential compost programs. This thesis addresses the fundamental question: What marketing and operational strategies are most effective within a residential composting program at Arizona State University? Using a combination of literature review, qualitative primary research, and experimentation, this thesis provides an explanation of how the university can effectively implement and grow residential composting programs.

Colleges and universities have continued to refine their understanding of engagement, affinity, and retention. At Arizona State University (ASU), the goal has been to continually retain first-year students at a 90%+ retention rate. At ASU, two key aspects of the first-year experience have been employed to foster retention. First, ASU has grouped on-campus students so they lived in residential colleges, housing students with others in the same college, to aid retention of first-year students. Second, ASU has required first-year students to take a 101 class, an orientation to ASU resources (library, advising, etc.) and its community (student organizations, clubs, etc.). The residential college living experience has afforded students opportunities to intentionally engage in campus events, connect with other students, and develop a vision for success. The 101 class has provided students with opportunities to learn about resources and community that have enriched their first-year experiences. Together, these two key approaches have offered students pathways to building initial engagement at the institution. The current research study was conducted to examine the ways in which students became engaged during their initial semester at ASU. Student participants in this study all lived in the W. P. Carey (WPC) Residential College Community in Hassayampa Academic Village (HAV) and were enrolled in WPC 101—Student Success in Business. WPC 101 was focused on helping students navigate college and learn about campus resources.

In the study, the researcher infused three Engagement Workshops into the WPC 101 curriculum alongside pre-existing assignments to afford students learning opportunities for a richer, deeper exploration and reflection on their first-semester experience. Students participated in a pre- and post-intervention survey, contributed written narratives and reflections, and six students completed individual interviews.

Results of the study, particularly the qualitative results, indicated (a) quality of relationships, (b) ASU community, and (c) campus environment emerged as variables that served as the ‘roots of engagement’ for these first-semester students Thus, the current work extended previous research on engagement by identifying the initial developmental aspects of engagement among first-semester, university students. The discussion included detailed explanations of the results, limitations, implications for research and practice, lessons learned, and conclusions.

Colleges and universities have goals and strategies in place to fill their on-campus housing facilities with students. At Arizona State University (ASU), the goal is to fill every bedspace on campus. All first-year students are expected to live on campus their first year at ASU. In Barrett, the Honors College (BHC), students are expected to live on-campus their first and second year at ASU. This study explores the BHC upperdivision communities to better understand why students are not returning to live on campus beyond the two-year live-on expectation. In this study, the researcher created a website to better inform students of the renewal process and the benefits of living on-campus. More than 200 BHC upperdivision students participated in this study through interviews and surveys. Quantitative results of the study indicated a positive and significant correlation between students who believe it costs less to live on campus, enjoy living on campus, interact with faculty and staff outside of the classroom with intent to live on campus the next academic year. Students who felt their currently living situation had a positive impact on their overall emotional/mental wellbeing, feel a sense of community or connection to others, and feel more connected because they live on campus are more likely to intend to live on campus. Students who were surveyed after the implementation of the renewal website believed it cost less to live on campus than off campus, felt that it was easier to navigate the application, and felt that they had a better understanding of the renewal process. Qualitative results of the study indicated students were deciding to live off campus due to the limited room options and the cost of on-campus housing. Students did not feel that there was a sense of community in BHC upperdivision housing, but they did feel like living on-campus was convenient and opened opportunities to get involved. The renewal website did not have an effect on students’ behavior, knowledge and intent to renew housing, and the renewal process was easy to navigate for some of the participants and difficult to navigate for the other participants.

My Barrett Honors Thesis focuses on answering the question of whether a current owner of a single family home in Tempe, Arizona would receive an adequate return on investment (“ROI”) to justify adding an accessory dwelling unit (“ADU”) on their property for the purpose of generating rental income and capital appreciation. I focused my research on Tempe’s zoning regulations, ADU general contractor (“GC”) options, possible parcels, proposed construction plans and budget, and lastly, a pro forma to determine ROI. After conducting the research, discussing with several GCs, and modeling returns, I determined that unlevered ADU development constitutes a novelty, not a solid investment choice with today’s market conditions. Factors that would change this recommendation decision would include a decrease in interest rates or a tempering of construction costs.

My Barrett Honors Thesis focuses on answering the question of whether a current owner of a single family home in Tempe, Arizona would receive an adequate return on investment (“ROI”) to justify adding an accessory dwelling unit (“ADU”) on their property for the purpose of generating rental income and capital appreciation. I focused my research on Tempe’s zoning regulations, ADU general contractor (“GC”) options, possible parcels, proposed construction plans and budget, and lastly, a pro forma to determine ROI. After conducting the research, discussing with several GCs, and modeling returns, I determined that unlevered ADU development constitutes a novelty, not a solid investment choice with today’s market conditions. Factors that would change this recommendation decision would include a decrease in interest rates or a tempering of construction costs.

My Barrett Honors Thesis focuses on answering the question of whether a current owner of a single family home in Tempe, Arizona would receive an adequate return on investment (“ROI”) to justify adding an accessory dwelling unit (“ADU”) on their property for the purpose of generating rental income and capital appreciation. I focused my research on Tempe’s zoning regulations, ADU general contractor (“GC”) options, possible parcels, proposed construction plans and budget, and lastly, a pro forma to determine ROI. After conducting the research, discussing with several GCs, and modeling returns, I determined that unlevered ADU development constitutes a novelty, not a solid investment choice with today’s market conditions. Factors that would change this recommendation decision would include a decrease in interest rates or a tempering of construction costs.