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- All Subjects: Sustainability
Description
As we already know, fresh water is essential to human life as it sustains and replenishes our bodies. Water sustainability is clearly an important issue that need to be addressed in our world of growing demand and shrinking resources. The ASU Future H2O program seeks to make a difference in the development of water sustainability programs by performing experiments that convert urine into reusable water. The goal is to make reusable water processes become inexpensive and easily accessible to local businesses. This promises a significant environmental impact. In order to make the process of development more efficient we can combine engineering technology with scientific experimentation. As an engineering student and an advocate of water sustainability, I have a chance to design the front-end platform that will use IoT to make the experimental process more accessible and effective. In this paper, I will document the entire process involved in the designing process and what I have learned.
ContributorsTran, Phung Thien (Author) / Boscovic, Dragan (Thesis director) / Boyer, Treavor (Committee member) / School of Earth and Space Exploration (Contributor) / Computer Science and Engineering Program (Contributor) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor)
Created2018-05
Description
Rapid increases in the installed amounts of Distributed Energy Resources are forcing a paradigm shift to guarantee stability, security, and economics of power distribution systems. This dissertation explores these challenges and proposes solutions to enable higher penetrations of grid-edge devices. The thesis shows that integrating Graph Signal Processing with State Estimation formulation allows accurate estimation of voltage phasors for radial feeders under low-observability conditions using traditional measurements. Furthermore, the Optimal Power Flow formulation presented in this work can reduce the solution time of a bus injection-based convex relaxation formulation, as shown through numerical results. The enhanced real-time knowledge of the system state is leveraged to develop new approaches to cyber-security of a transactive energy market by introducing a blockchain-based Electron Volt Exchange framework that includes a distributed protocol for pricing and scheduling prosumers' production/consumption while keeping constraints and bids private. The distributed algorithm prevents power theft and false data injection by comparing prosumers' reported power exchanges to models of expected power exchanges using measurements from grid sensors to estimate system state. Necessary hardware security is described and integrated into underlying grid-edge devices to verify the provenance of messages to and from these devices. These preventive measures for securing energy transactions are accompanied by additional mitigation measures to maintain voltage stability in inverter-dominated networks by expressing local control actions through Lyapunov analysis to mitigate cyber-attack and generation intermittency effects. The proposed formulation is applicable as long as the Volt-Var and Volt-Watt curves of the inverters can be represented as Lipschitz constants. Simulation results demonstrate how smart inverters can mitigate voltage oscillations throughout the distribution network. Approaches are rigorously explored and validated using a combination of real distribution networks and synthetic test cases. Finally, to overcome the scarcity of real data to test distribution systems algorithms a framework is introduced to generate synthetic distribution feeders mapped to real geospatial topologies using available OpenStreetMap data. The methods illustrate how to create synthetic feeders across the entire ZIP Code, with minimal input data for any location. These stackable scientific findings conclude with a brief discussion of physical deployment opportunities to accelerate grid modernization efforts.
ContributorsSaha, Shammya Shananda (Author) / Johnson, Nathan (Thesis advisor) / Scaglione, Anna (Thesis advisor) / Arnold, Daniel (Committee member) / Boscovic, Dragan (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2021
Description
Blockchain, the technology behind the worldwide-known cryptocurrency Bitcoin, offers a new set of potential advantages and opportunities that various industries and institutions could use to enhance their processes. Although most research and development on blockchain has focused on applications for cryptocurrencies and the finance industry, relatively few analyses and assessments have been conducted on how it could provide tools to address social and environmental issues. This research, using interviews, literature review and examples of blockchain applications, explores how this technology can be employed to address sustainability issues under the framework of three UN Sustainable Development Goals: 2. Zero Hunger, 7. Affordable and Clean Energy, and 14. Life Below Water. The analysis shows that blockchain has the potential to support solutions to sustainability problems that need efficient traceability, trust, a unique ID, transparency, or a highly secure payment system. However, the technology should not be mistaken for a panacea for addressing sustainability issues in its current state because it is not yet mature and has not been sufficiently tested. Expansion of blockchain as an effective tool for helping solve sustainability challenges will require a greater understanding of the governance of blockchain, its scalability and its potential unintended consequences for the technology to become properly integrated into the decision-making progress.
ContributorsRomo, Maximiliano (Author) / Melnick, Robert (Contributor, Contributor) / Maynard, Andrew (Contributor) / Boscovic, Dragan (Contributor)
Created2019-04-17