2026-05-16T21:23:00Zhttps://keep.lib.asu.edu/oai/request

oai:keep.lib.asu.edu:node-2000722025-03-24T21:55:00Zoai_pmh:alloai_pmh:repo_items

200072 https://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.2.N.200072 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-05 10 pages Kupfer, Joshua Holloway, Julianne Schwarz, Grace Barrett, The Honors College Chemical Engineering Program The gold standard of treatment for large bone defects remains autograft bone, which suffers from limited availability and donor-site morbidity. As an alternative, bone tissue engineering seeks to use a combination of cells, biomolecules, and biomaterials to regenerate functional bone tissue. Hydroxyapatite is a key component of bone tissue and is particularly important for its function. Here, we developed an approach to mineralize electrospun fibers to mimic native bone mineralization and serve as a scaffold for bone repair. Two types of electrospun fiber systems were investigated: polycaprolactone (PCL) and norbornene-functionalized cellulose acetate (nor-CA). PCL fiber surfaces were activated with sodium hydroxide and calcium phosphate. Next, the fibrous scaffolds were incubated in simulated body fluid (SBF) for seven days. Three types of SBF were chosen for incubation: conventional (C-SBF), revised (R-SBF), and 4x revised (4x R-SBF). Mineralization was assessed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Alizarin Red S staining, and scanning electron microscopy. Calcium phosphate and sodium chloride-based mineralization were observed for all SBF formulations for PCL. 4x R-SBF resulted in a calcium-to-phosphorus molar ratio most like native hydroxyapatite. R-SBF also had a calcium-to-phosphorus ratio similar to that of hydroxyapatite. R-SBF and 4x R-SBF resulted in lower values of sodium deposition on PCL when compared to C-SBF and had distinct regions of calcium-phosphate and sodium-chloride mineralization. Nor-CA was synthesized using a Boc2O esterification reaction between 5-norbornene-2-carboxylic acid and cellulose acetate, and analysis revealed the norbornene functionalization to be 60.02%. A fluorescent dye, 7-mercapto-4-methylcoumarin, was also successfully bound to the surface of nor-CA fibers using a UV-mediated thiol-ene reaction. The selectivity of the reaction between samples exposed to UV and kept in the dark requires improvement in future work. Biomineralization Electrospinning Regenerative Medicine Biomaterials Inducing Mineralization on Electrospun Fibers with Simulated Body Fluid